Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been proposed as a prognostic indicator in advanced cancers. In this regard, numerous small cohort studies investigated the indication of ctDNA in non–small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, etc.  In one of the latest studies published in 2022, Nature Medicine, Jee et al. evaluated an international cohort of 1,127 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and ctDNA-guided therapy. the results of their study indicated that minimally invasive ctDNA profiling can identify heterogeneous drivers not captured in tissue sequencing and expand community access to life-prolonging therapy.
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